During the COVID-19 pandemic, nations relied on international collaboration as a means to respond more effectively to the spread of the virus. The rapid development of treatments and diagnostic tools, along with clinical trials and research was shared across borders, and this period of global turmoil underscored the necessity for international collaboration. The literature has introduced a term describing this form of global cooperation: "science diplomacy" (herein referred to as SD), and it has become evident that SD plays a critical role in advancing global health and shaping policy. Therefore, it is essential for health professionals to be equipped with the skills and knowledge necessary to navigate and contribute to international collaborations effectively. However, to date, the available literature does not address the inclusion of SD in medical school curricula, nor does it explore the intersection between medicine and SD.

To bridge this gap, our review aims to:
1) delineate and underscore the significance of SD in the domain of science and healthcare, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic,
2) investigate whether SD is included in or examined within medical school curricula, and
3) propose pathways for more effective integration of SD into the educational framework. By elucidating whether SD is currently incorporated or explored within medical school curricula, this study will identify potential gaps and valuable insights into the existing educational landscape.

To accomplish the first objective, this review examines how SD influenced the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic. For the second objective, we synthesized findings from 62 peer-reviewed papers published between 2000 and 2023. Finally, to address our third objective, we present concrete recommendations for how medical schools can better prepare healthcare professionals to engage in diplomatic efforts that promote global health equity and cooperation. This project is among the first to explore the intersection between medical education and SD, shedding light on shortfalls in our educational system and paving the way for more comprehensive curriculum practices.

Keywords: Science diplomacy, medical, education.