The first renewable source of enegy which India started R&D on was Solar PhotoVoltaic Energy and that too as quickly as barely 18 months after the huge oil price hike of august 1973. Through an integrated Government financial HRD, R&D and manufacturing and applications development programme over 1978-1985, a commercial 5 MW annual capacity solar cell panel and systems programme was launched at the hi-tech government company Central Electronics Ltd. This was one of only a few such pioneering programmes world-wide. Meanwhile, in 1982, Government of India set up the world’s first nodal Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources to plan promote and coordinate all renewable energy sources development in the country. Today, India is among the global top ranhers in wind, solar biomass based energy sources. I has a total estimated renewable energy potential of about 85,000 MW-45000 MW from onshore wind turbines and a limitless megawattage capacity offshore along its 7000 km long coast line: 2500 of small hydro power plant and 10,000 mw of biomass and renewable cogeneration capacity SPV capacity is expected to reach 1000 MW / yr in two years with a dozen major world scale manufacturers involved. In 2007-08 total renewable energy-based grid connected power capacity was 14,000 MW – 8% of the total national gride capacity from both renewable and non-renewable energy sources – one of the highest in the world-most of it based on locally generated technology. The country had, as end March 2008 some 2.8 million SPV systems of some 35 different types and 4 million biogas plants in operation, the former the largest in the world and the latter second only to China. Government policy measures have led to the local development manufacture and widespread use of a whole array of renewable energy technologies. Many more, which have been on the threshold of large scale commercialization have been “pulled into the market” due to the unprecedent and gigantic increase in oil prices from 40 USD to 140 USD over the last one year alone. Sustained and productive R&D and low cost manufacturing processes over the last 2 years due to efficient public private partnerships, have led to huge savings in petroleum products from Kerosene for rural lighting to electric vehicles. This has also led to Indian renewable energy-based companies making rapid and large penetrations of global markets rural urban and remote area. Above all costs of renewable energy based power have tumbled 4 fold in the last two years. Full competitiveness with grid power based on non-renewable energy sources is only two years away. After four decades of slogging most renewables are now able to deliver fully techno-commercially competitive Green Power in India, the nation with the world’s largest population along with China, leading to huge reductions in pollution and other forms of environmental damage and Greenhouse Gas Emissions apart from helping Indians to chant completely new sustainable lifestyles for 1100 million people.