The increasing digitalisation of society has heightened the need for effective training on the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), both to ensure legal compliance and to promote a culture of privacy awareness. Digital tools, including e-learning platforms, serious games, simulations, and interactive applications, have emerged as promising means of delivering GDPR training. However, research assessing their effectiveness, pedagogical value, and implementation strategies remains limited.

This study presents a systematic literature review examining the use of digital tools in GDPR training, aiming to map the current research landscape, identify prevailing trends, and highlight challenges and gaps in the field. A structured search was conducted across academic databases, including Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and the ACM Digital Library, following the PRISMA methodology and employing predefined keywords related to GDPR, training, and digital learning technologies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure thematic relevance and methodological rigour.

Findings indicate that, although a growing number of digital solutions are being employed to enhance GDPR awareness and compliance, empirical evidence on their long-term effectiveness is scarce. The review underscores the need for more robust, user-centred evaluations and the integration of pedagogical frameworks in the design of GDPR training tools. Addressing these gaps will enable the development of more engaging, accessible, and impactful digital training interventions, supporting a stronger culture of data protection across sectors.

Keywords: GDPR, Digital Tools, Systematic Literature Review, Education