The metaverse offers unprecedented opportunities for immersive learning (George & Wooden, 2023), enhancing business simulations and replicating real-world scenarios (Peters & Stamp, 2020; Sai, 2017). Effective integration requires rethinking assessment strategies to address diverse learner needs. Traditional methods often fail to capture learning nuances within these environments. This paper explores differentiated assessment strategies in metaverse-based business simulations, fostering choice, agency, and equitable outcomes. By offering choices in assessment format, process, and product, educators can cater to varied learning styles, aligning with inclusive practices.

Business simulations, enhanced by the metaverse, promote critical thinking and decision-making. The metaverse provides a realistic setting where students collaborate and experience the impact of their choices (George & Wooden, 2023). Key characteristics include real-world scenarios, decision-making, consequences, experiential learning, and a safe environment.

Traditional assessment methods often fall short, necessitating differentiated assessment tailored to individual learner needs. Differentiation involves offering choices in assessment format and flexibility in the assessment process, varying criteria based on learning goals. Student choice and agency are key, boosting engagement and ownership (McInerney et al., 2021).

This paper proposes a framework for differentiated assessment in metaverse-based business simulations, based on universal design for learning, including:
- Choice of Assessment Format
- Differentiation of Process
- Differentiation of Product
- Incorporating Student Agency
- Formative Assessment and Feedback (Gilbert et al., 2019)

Implementation poses challenges, requiring new educator skills and ensuring alignment with learning objectives. However, the opportunities are significant, creating more engaging and equitable experiences.

This paper addresses:
- How to design differentiated strategies effectively in metaverse-based simulations.
- The impact of choices on student engagement and outcomes.
- How to incorporate student agency to empower learners.
- The practical challenges and opportunities for implementation.

Keywords: Metaverse, Immersive Learning, Business Simulation, Differentiated Assessment, Choice, Agency, Inclusive Education, Virtual Reality.