Although teaching innovation through digital technologies is probably becoming increasingly common in the university context, it is a process that may involve certain tensions and contradictions. The concept of pedagogic frailty, proposed by Kinchin, makes it possible to identify situations in which innovation may be conditioned or even lead to vulnerability among faculty members. In this context, we present the design and validation process of a questionnaire aimed at university instructors who have participated in educational innovation projects involving technology, with the goal of characterizing their profile and exploring their perception of pedagogic frailty.
The instrument, developed ad hoc, is part of a broader descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods approach, carried out at the University of the Balearic Islands.

The questionnaire consists of 26 items, organized into five sections:
(1) general data;
(2) perceptions of innovation using digital tools;
(3) skills and competencies;
(4) impact and outcomes; and
(5) future perspectives.

It includes closed-ended Likert-type items and numerical scales, as well as open-ended questions designed to capture personal reflections. Although it does not include a dedicated section on pedagogic frailty, it incorporates items related to personal and institutional aspects associated with it, such as perceived support, the management of difficulties, or the pedagogical justification of innovative practices.

The validation process was carried out in two phases: first, through expert judgment, involving professionals in teaching innovation and educational technology who assessed the clarity, relevance, and coherence of the items; and second, through a pilot test with university instructors from different academic disciplines, which enabled formal and linguistic adjustments based on their feedback.

Acknowledgement:
This work is part of the project PID2020-113101RB-I00, “Co-design of Personal Learning Pathways in Connected Learning Environments in Higher Education (COPLITELE)”, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.

Keywords: Teaching innovation, digital technologies, pedagogic frailty, higher education.