This study analyzes the teaching of artificial intelligence (AI) in Mexico within the context of automation and digital transformation, highlighting the need to balance advanced technical training with social inclusion. Currently, 43 university programs enroll approximately 3,600 students, primarily in industrialized regions, exacerbating the digital and socioeconomic divide [1]. A mixed-methods approach is employed, combining a quantitative analysis of institutional data and case studies from universities such as the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and the Instituto Politécnico Nacional, along with a qualitative review of academic debates on the impact of AI in education. The study examines how automation can influence critical thinking while also exploring how AI’s pedagogical applications could enhance learning if properly implemented. Socioeconomic factors, such as poverty and limited access to advanced technological tools, further deepen inequalities in the adoption of these technologies [2]. The findings indicate that while the expansion of AI-focused programs can strengthen the productive sector, it may also exacerbate inequalities if it exclusively emphasizes technical aspects while neglecting ethical and humanistic dimensions. It is recommended that university students develop the ability to identify and discard misleading information, correct errors in AI tools such as ChatGPT, and prioritize their own reasoning in research. Additionally, universities are encouraged to leverage AI to assess curriculum effectiveness and project future academic needs. In conclusion, there is an urgent need to design an AI education framework that not only meets global market demands but also promotes social inclusion and human development. Universities must update their programs, integrate technical and humanistic knowledge, and offer AI courses across various disciplines to enhance graduates' competitiveness in an increasingly digitalized environment.

References:
[1] J.L. Ramos, La IA llega a las aulas en México: universidades ofrecen 43 programas relacionadas con ella, 24 February 2025, Accessed 15 March, 2025. Retrieved from https://oem.com.mx/elsoldemexico/finanzas/universidades-en-mexico-incorporan-la-ia-en-sus-programas-21799524
[2] J.G. olmos, “Naces pobre, mueres pobre”, la movilidad social estancada en México, 3 March, 2025, Accessed 15 March, 2025. Retrieved from https://www.proceso.com.mx/opinion/2025/3/3/naces-pobre-mueres-pobre-la-movilidad-social-estancada-en-mexico-346581.html

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Higher Education, Digital Divide, Automation, Curriculum Development.