The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has profoundly transformed various sectors and is regarded as one of the pillars of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, integrating digital technology, data analytics, and automation. In the field of education, AI integration introduces new perspectives on how students and teachers approach learning and teaching. In mathematics education, an exact science, the use of AI raises both challenges and opportunities. On one hand, concerns arise regarding the reliability and accuracy of AI-generated responses. On the other hand, AI holds significant potential to enhance the educational process by facilitating activities such as exploratory tasks, collaborative learning, and personalized instruction.

AI’s versatility extends to both mathematics and statistics, benefiting students and educators alike. Its applications include automated problem-solving, educational content generation, and the development of interactive learning experiences. Teachers can leverage AI to create customized learning materials and tailor pedagogical approaches to students’ individual needs, while students can use AI tools for self-study and concept clarification. Additionally, AI enables real-time feedback, dynamic problem-solving environments, and the creation of personalized datasets for statistical modeling.

Despite its advantages, AI is not without limitations. Some studies indicate that, in more complex mathematical procedures, AI-generated responses may be inconsistent or even incorrect, highlighting the need for human supervision. The impact of AI on mathematics education thus depends not only on the tools used but also on the application context and the engagement of teachers and students in the learning process.

This study presents a literature review of papers published in 2024 and early 2025, aiming to analyze how AI is being utilized in mathematics education in higher education. The review focuses on several aspects: the levels and study cycles in which AI has been applied; the most commonly used tools, including models such as ChatGPT; the types of pedagogical activities in which AI has been integrated, such as group projects and autonomous learning; and the reported effects on learning and teaching, considering the perspectives of researchers, teachers, and students.

The findings of this review will provide an updated overview of the role of AI in mathematics education in higher education, identifying trends, challenges, and future opportunities.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Mathematics Education, Higher Education, Literature Review, ChatGPT.