The growing demand for efficient electric systems has driven the development of modular technologies for educational applications, among many others. This paper presents the development of an educational prototype of an electric vehicle with a modular approach and physical adaptability. Its objective is to introduce students to the application of engineering design methodologies and bring them closer to the use of technologies related to the mobility of autonomous electric systems and scalable applications in areas of electrical and electronic engineering.

The educational electric vehicle prototype is based on a modular design. It was developed by integrating multiple functional blocks that interact with each other to perform specific tasks and adapt to the user's needs.

As a first part, there is a metallic chassis for multiple integration of electronic elements. The main components include Raspberry Pi microcomputers, which function as the main processor of the system to execute control algorithms developed in a graphical programming environment, analog and digital sensors, a camera for image processing, as well as various types of actuators depending on the action to be performed. Additionally, secondary electronic components optimize the technical integration of the main components. These include connection cards to GPIO ports, coupling modules for actuators, power regulators and shunts for power distribution.

The modular design methodology allows the prototype to be adaptable to various physical components, such as mechanical joints and easily integrated mobile modules, which allow it to adjust to different scenarios and external constraints. As a second part, the prototype has functional features to execute multiple actions and tasks according to the programming and implementation of various control algorithms. In addition, it incorporates software tools for sending and receiving data in real time. The most outstanding functional features include manual and autonomous navigation, capture and storage of sensor data for variables of interest, and communication with servers for sending and receiving data through the implementation of TCP/IP communication protocols. This allows real-time monitoring, control and information exchange of the prototype with external servers, which expands its potential and functionality.

The results show that the prototype can perform specific tasks and meet the expected results in controlled tests. The tests carried out include autonomous navigation, identifying and avoiding obstacles efficiently in controlled navigation environments, such as mazes or spaces limited in size with a predetermined and variable number of obstacles; manual navigation with remote viewing through a camera by the user, using physical commands with predetermined commands; and the acquisition of variables of interest in external servers, using TCP/IP communication protocols for control or monitoring purposes.

This educational approach encourages hands-on learning and explores scalable electrical and electronic engineering applications. It also facilitates understanding autonomous systems and constantly changing and developing technologies. It fosters the development of key competencies in students, such as logical reasoning and the ability to solve technical problems in real contexts. Overall, this initiative contributes to comprehensive, practical, and innovative training in the educational field of electronic engineering.

Keywords: Modular Electric Vehicle, Educational Prototype, Autonomous Systems, Modular Design, Autonomous Navigation, Sensor Integration.