Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly popular, leading to significant research on its application in various fields, including education. This study presents a literature review of articles published between 2023 and 2024, retrieved from various databases at the library of TTK University of Applied Sciences. Conducted by a working group within the Research Group on Higher Education Didactics, this study critically examines the current trends, challenges, and future directions of AI, particularly GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) technologies, in higher education.

The methodology involved a systematic content analysis of the selected articles, focusing on topics such as the views of educational experts, educators and students; practical experiences, awareness and attitudes toward AI in educational contexts. Particular attention was paid to the value and benefits of AI, its impact on learning objectives and its various application areas in higher education. The study also addressed issues related to privacy, ethics, copyright and the need for training and guidance on AI tools.

The results indicate a growing recognition of the potential of AI to support personalized learning, as well as to improve and optimize teaching practices. However, significant challenges remain, including ethical considerations, the need for robust infrastructure, and the development of AI literacy among teachers and students. The review identifies promising future trends, such as the integration of AI into assessment, the creation of AI-based learning materials, and the evolving role of GPT in shaping learning outcomes.

The findings highlight the importance of developing comprehensive AI strategies in higher education to maximize benefits while mitigating risks. This review provides valuable insights for educators, experts, and researchers interested in using AI to improve educational practices.

Keywords: Educational technology, Pedagogical innovation, GenAI applications.